Loom-temple



(No Model.) 1

N. I. ALLEN. LOOM TEMPLE.

No. 405,387. Patented June 18, 1889.

Nv PETERS. Phnlo-Lilhogmplmn Washington, 0. c.

UNITED STATES P TENT OFFICE.

NICHOLAS I. ALLEN, OF BOSTON, ASSIGNOR TO THE DUTCHER TEMPLE COMPANY, OFHOPEDALE, MASSACHUSETTS.

LOOM- TEMPLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 405,387, dated June 18,1889.

7 Application filed May 7, 1888. Serial No. 278,115. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, NICHOLAS I. ALLEN, of Boston, county of Suffolk,State of Massachusetts, have invented an Impro vement in Loomlemples, ofwhich the following description, in'connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representinglike parts.

In weaving many classes of goods templerolls having sharp pin-pointedteeth to enter the goods or fabric are objectionable,because theydisplace the threads and leave small holes or spaces in the fabric, andsometimes, especially if the sharp points of the teeth have been dulledor blunted, the teeth when retiring from the fabric in the rotation ofthe roll pull from the fabric portions of the same.

Many attempts have been made to do away with the pin-pointed teeth whichpass entirely through the fabric, and among the rolls which have beentried have been those covered with sand or emery, and the rolls havealso been corrugated and roughened in Various ways; but such attemptshave not been eminently successful, and the pin pointed teeth are moregenerally in use, notwithstanding their objections. In my efforts toimprove temple-rolls to bet ter adapt them for use thereby, andespecially light-weight fabrics, I have discovered that by covering thebody of the roll with fish-skin the roll so produced is quite asefficient in holding the fabric distended as the pin-pointed teeth; butwith the fish-skin the points on the skin which engage and hold thefabric to keep it distended do not pass through the fabric.

My invention therefore consists, essentially, in a temple having a rollprovided with a surface of fish-skin, as will be described.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved roll detached from thetemple; Fig. 2, an end view of the same. Fig. 3 is a View showing aportion of the fish-skin magnified, and Fig. 4 shows a temple with myimproved roll therein.

The body a of the roll is preferably composed of wood or similarlightweight material, and is provided with a mandrel or journal w, allin usual manner,

The covering B for the roll consists, preferably, of dogfish-skin-askinprovided with a series of sharp points I), (well represented in themagnified riew, Fig. 3,) the said scales inclining in substantially thesame direction as shown in Fig. 4; and in this my invention it will beunderstood that the points of the skin are directed directly toward thatend of the temple-roll which is to be nearest the sel'- vage .of thecloth to be held by the roll, instead of-being directed in the directionof rotation of the roll. The points are too short and blunt to penetratethe fabric, but are sufficiently sharp and fine to engage the fabricpassed over it and prevent the same from being drawn over the rollerlongitudinally or in the direction of the length of the roller, therolls at opposite sides of the cloth having the fish-skin applied ,tothem in such manner that the points of one roll incline in the oppositedirection to the points on the other roll, one roll acting to hold thefabric along one and the other roll along the other selvage. Thefish-skin does not serve to engage and feed the fabric, for the journalsof the rolls are mounted loosely in the usual temple-head, the rollsbeing rotated only by the pull of the cloth on them, the rolls merelyacting to prevent the slipping or contraction of the web or cloth in thedirection of its width, or in the line of the axis of rotation of theroll, as the usual reed and take-up act to move the fabric in the loom.

The skin may be attached to the roll A in any desired manner, andpreferably will be applied in a moist condition by means of cement orglue, and as it dries the skin contracts sufficiently and clings closelyand smoothly to the body of the roll, the sharp points I) serving inplace of the teeth of the ordinary temple, but without tearing orinjuring the fabric, for the scales Z) do not pass through the fabric.

I do not confine myself strictly to the use of dogfish-skin for coveringthe roll, as the skin of the shark, or of other fish having skin of asimilar character, may be employed.

The cap 0 and pod 61, forming part of the temple-head in which the rollrotates, are and may be of usual construction.

' Prior to my invention I am aware that attempts have been made to makethe rough surface of fish-skin available, and this use has beenattempted in connection with the rollers of cotton-gins; and so, also, Iam aware that it has been proposed to cover a surface with fish-skin andutilize the same in the devicesfor h oldin g tautan d taking up thetubular fabric produced by a circular-knitting machine in lieu of theusual weights which are commonly hung on a tubular knitted web to keepit taut on the needles. Prior to my invention I am not, however, awarethata roller to be used in a loom-temple has ever been covered withfish-skin. To render such combination useful, care must be taken, byexamination of the fish-skin, that the little hard points thereof arearranged to point toward the end of the roll, for it arranged to pointinthe direction of rotation of the roll, rather than toward the end of theroll, the skin would not act toprevent the contraction of the clothwidthwise, which is the especial purpose of my invention. Temple-rollsare commonly provided with fine metal teeth, and many rough substanceshave been applied to temple-rolls with the hope of securin g a surfacewhich would engage with fine cloth having soft-spun threads and notdisplace them, as do the metallic teeth, and cause open places, thusspoiling the goods; but all rough substances so far used-such as emery,glass, rubber, &c.have no utility and are practically worthless. I havefound by experiment that dogfish-skin, when applied to a templeroll inthe particular manner described herein, affords a surface over which thecloth will not slip or dragin the direction of thelength of the roll,and consequently the cloth may be kept distended in the direction of itswidth by a roll located at each selvage, the width of the fabric beingthereby kept substantially uniform. The hard sharp points on the skinare so fine and numerous and they engage the cloth at so many points inso small an 'area, that the numerous points, although they but partiallypenetrate the cloth, are enabled to hold it distended uniformly, andinasmuch as the points do not extend through the cloth, and as they areso very closely set together, the threads of the cloth are notdisturbed.

A roll covered with dogfish-skin, and applied substantially in themanner described and employed in a temple, constitutes a temple whichmay be successfully used in aloom to hold distended widthwise manyfabrics upon which it is now impossible to employ a roller-temple.

I claim 1. The combination, with a temple-head, of a roll covered withfishskin applied thereto, substantially as described.

2. The herein-described temple-roll, consisting of a body, as a, and acovering of fishskin, having the points of the skin directed toward theend of the roll, to thereby prevent the cloth slipping on the saidcovering in the line of the axis of rotation of the roll, substantiallyas described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

NIOHOLAS I. ALLEN. WVitnesses:

' G. W. GREGORY,

B. DEWAR.

